Physics JAMB Past Questions And Answers (Objectives and Theory)
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
Question: Which of the following is an example of a scalar quantity?
A) Velocity
B) Acceleration
C) Force
D) Distance
Answer: D) Distance
Question: What is the SI unit of force?
A) Newton
B) Joule
C) Watt
D) Pascal
Answer: A) Newton
Question: What happens to the resistance of a conductor if its length is doubled while its cross-sectional area remains the same?
A) It doubles
B) It quadruples
C) It halves
D) It remains the same
Answer: A) It doubles
Question: Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?
A) Light wave
B) Sound wave
C) Water wave
D) Radio wave
Answer: B) Sound wave
Question: According to Newton’s second law of motion, what is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
A) Force = mass × acceleration
B) Force = acceleration / mass
C) Force = mass ÷ acceleration
D) Force = mass + acceleration
Answer: A) Force = mass × acceleration
Question: What is the law of conservation of energy?
A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another
B) Energy can be created but not destroyed
C) Energy can be destroyed but not created
D) Energy is conserved only in closed systems
Answer: A) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another
Question: What is the SI unit of power?
A) Watt
B) Joule
C) Newton
D) Ampere
Answer: A) Watt
Question: Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?
A) Friction
B) Tension
C) Gravitational force
D) Magnetic force
Answer: D) Magnetic force
Question: What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength of a wave?
A) Inversely proportional
B) Directly proportional
C) No relationship
D) Inversely squared
Answer: A) Inversely proportional
Question: What is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth?
A) 9.8 m/s²
B) 6.67 × 10^-11 Nm²/kg²
C) 3.00 × 10^8 m/s
D) 3.14 m/s²
Answer: A) 9.8 m/s².
Section B Theory:
Question: What is Newton’s first law of motion, and provide an example?
Answer: Newton’s first law of motion states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. An example is a book resting on a table; it will remain stationary unless an external force, like someone pushing it, is applied.
Question: Define momentum and explain how it is related to Newton’s second law of motion.
Answer: Momentum is the product of an object’s mass and its velocity. It is related to Newton’s second law of motion because according to the second law, the force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum with time. Mathematically, this is expressed as F = Δp/Δt, where F is the force, Δp is the change in momentum, and Δt is the change in time.
Question: Describe the difference between scalar and vector quantities, providing examples of each.
Answer: Scalar quantities have only magnitude, while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction. Examples of scalar quantities include mass, temperature, and speed. Examples of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, and force.
Question: Explain the concept of work in physics and provide its formula.
Answer: In physics, work is defined as the product of force and displacement in the direction of the force applied. Mathematically, it is represented as W = F × d, where W is the work done, F is the force applied, and d is the displacement.
Question: Describe the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy, providing examples of each.
Answer: Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or condition, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Examples of potential energy include gravitational potential energy (a book held above the ground) and elastic potential energy (a stretched spring). Examples of kinetic energy include the energy of a moving car and the energy of a swinging pendulum.
