NECO Agricultural Science Past Questions And Answers (Objective and Theory)
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
Question: What is the primary purpose of the greenhouse effect in controlled agricultural environments?
A) Pest control
B) Humidity regulation
C) Temperature control
D) Soil aeration
Answer: C) Temperature control
Question: Which of the following is an example of a leguminous cover crop used for soil enrichment?
A) Rye
B) Alfalfa
C) Buckwheat
D) Millet
Answer: B) Alfalfa
Question: What is the primary function of mycotoxins in agriculture?
A) Pest control
B) Disease resistance
C) Weed suppression
D) Harmful to plant and animal health
Answer: D) Harmful to plant and animal health
Question: In precision agriculture, what technology is commonly used for monitoring and managing crop fields?
A) Satellite imaging
B) Wind turbines
C) Drones
D) Tractors
Answer: C) Drones
Question: What is the primary purpose of the nitrogen cycle in soil ecosystems?
A) Water conservation
B) Pest control
C) Nutrient recycling
D) Soil aeration
Answer: C) Nutrient recycling
Question: Which of the following is a method of organic pest control that involves introducing natural predators?
A) Crop rotation
B) Companion planting
C) Integrated pest management
D) Biological control
Answer: D) Biological control
Question: What is the primary function of a windbreak in agriculture?
A) Water conservation
B) Pest control
C) Soil erosion prevention
D) Crop rotation
Answer: C) Soil erosion prevention
Question: Which of the following is a micronutrient essential for plant growth?
A) Phosphorus
B) Calcium
C) Manganese
D) Potassium
Answer: C) Manganese
Question: What is the primary purpose of the furrow irrigation method?
A) Water conservation
B) Weed suppression
C) Nutrient absorption
D) Crop watering through channels
Answer: D) Crop watering through channels
Question: Which soil organism is responsible for converting dead organic matter into nutrient-rich humus?
A) Nematodes
B) Earthworms
C) Arthropods
D) Bacteria
Answer: B) Earthworms
Section B: Theory Questions
Question: Explain the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) and its advantages in modern agriculture.
Answer: Integrated pest management combines biological, cultural, and chemical control methods to manage pest populations effectively. Advantages include reduced reliance on chemical pesticides, minimized environmental impact, and sustainable pest control.
Question: Describe the role of soil microbiota in promoting plant health and disease suppression.
Answer: Soil microbiota, including bacteria and fungi, form symbiotic relationships with plants, aiding in nutrient uptake and promoting disease resistance. They also compete with harmful pathogens, contributing to overall plant health.
Question: Discuss the challenges and benefits associated with the use of genetically modified (GM) crops in agriculture.
Answer: Challenges may include ethical concerns, biodiversity risks, and potential negative impacts on non-target organisms. Benefits encompass increased crop yield, resistance to pests, and improved nutritional content.
Question: Elaborate on the importance of biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems and strategies for its conservation.
Answer: Biodiversity in agriculture enhances ecosystem resilience, pest control, and nutrient cycling. Conservation strategies involve crop diversification, habitat preservation, and sustainable farming practices.
Question: Explain the concept of sustainable water management in agriculture and its significance in the face of water scarcity.
Answer: Sustainable water management involves efficient irrigation, water conservation practices, and responsible use of water resources. It is crucial for mitigating the impact of water on crop production and ensuring long-term agricultural sustainability.
