JSS3 Junior Waec Agricultural Science Past Questions And Answers (Objective and Theory)

 

Section A: Objective Questions

 

Agricultural Science Junior Waec Questions for JSS3:

 

Question: What is the primary purpose of plowing in agriculture?

 

A) Weed control

B) Seedbed preparation

C) Irrigation

D) Harvesting

Answer: B) Seedbed preparation

Question: Which of the following is a leguminous crop?

 

A) Rice

B) Wheat

C) Soybean

D) Maize

Answer: C) Soybean

Question: What is the term for the process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use?

 

A) Nitrification

B) Nitrogen fixation

C) Denitrification

D) Nitrogen assimilation

Answer: B) Nitrogen fixation

Question: Which farming practice involves the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock on the same piece of land?

 

A) Monoculture

B) Polyculture

C) Mixed farming

D) Organic farming

Answer: C) Mixed farming

Question: What is the primary function of the stomata in plant leaves?

 

A) Photosynthesis

B) Transpiration

C) Respiration

D) Reproduction

Answer: B) Transpiration

Question: Which farm implement is used for the purpose of breaking up soil clods and smoothing the soil surface?

 

A) Plow

B) Harrow

C) Seeder

D) Cultivator

Answer: B) Harrow

Question: What is the main benefit of crop rotation in agriculture?

 

A) Increased pest resistance

B) Higher yields

C) Soil fertility improvement

D) Reduced water usage

Answer: C) Soil fertility improvement

Question: Which type of soil has equal proportions of sand, silt, and clay?

 

A) Sandy soil

B) Loamy soil

C) Clayey soil

D) Peaty soil

Answer: B) Loamy soil

Question: What is the purpose of adding lime to acidic soils in agriculture?

 

A) Enhance water retention

B) Increase nitrogen content

C) Neutralize soil acidity

D) Promote root growth

Answer: C) Neutralize soil acidity

Question: What is the primary role of bees in pollination?

 

A) Seed dispersal

B) Nectar production

C) Fertilization of flowers

D) Soil aeration

Answer: C) Fertilization of flowers

Question: Which method of irrigation involves applying water directly to the soil surface?

 

A) Drip irrigation

B) Sprinkler irrigation

C) Flood irrigation

D) Subsurface irrigation

Answer: C) Flood irrigation

Question: What is the purpose of adding organic matter to soil in agriculture?

 

A) Improve soil structure

B) Increase acidity

C) Reduce water retention

D) Inhibit microbial activity

Answer: A) Improve soil structure

Question: Which farming practice involves the cultivation of a single crop species over a large area?

 

A) Polyculture

B) Monoculture

C) Agroforestry

D) Aquaponics

Answer: B) Monoculture

Question: What is the term for the process of plants losing water vapor through small pores in their leaves?

 

A) Translocation

B) Transpiration

C) Photosynthesis

D) Absorption

Answer: B) Transpiration

Question: In livestock farming, what is the purpose of dehorning cattle?

 

A) Enhance meat quality

B) Prevent injuries to other animals

C) Increase milk production

D) Improve resistance to diseases

Answer: B) Prevent injuries to other animals

Section B: Theory Questions

 

Question: Discuss the importance of crop diversification in sustainable agriculture.

 

Answer: Crop diversification in sustainable agriculture helps reduce risks associated with mono-cropping, promotes biodiversity, and improves resilience against pests and diseases. It also enhances soil health and nutrient cycling.

 

Question: Explain the role of nitrogen in plant growth, detailing its sources and forms accessible to plants.

 

Answer: Nitrogen is a crucial element for plant growth, sourced from the soil and the atmosphere. Plants primarily absorb nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+), contributing to protein synthesis and overall development.

 

Question: Describe the process of photosynthesis and its significance in the production of food by plants.

 

Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen. This process is essential for the production of food, providing energy for plant growth and sustaining life on Earth.

 

Question: Explore the concept of sustainable agriculture, highlighting its principles and benefits.

 

Answer: Sustainable agriculture aims to meet current food needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Principles include environmental stewardship, economic profitability, and social responsibility, resulting in long-term benefits for both farmers and ecosystems.

 

Question: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of mechanized farming in modern agriculture.

 

Answer: Mechanized farming improves efficiency and productivity but may lead to environmental concerns and job displacement. It is crucial to strike a balance between technological advancements and sustainable farming practices.