HPE JAMB Past Questions And Answers (Objectives and Theory)
HPE Jamb exam, along with their options and answers:
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a) Transporting oxygen
b) Digesting food
c) Pumping blood
d) Regulating body temperature
Answer: a) Transporting oxygen
Which of the following is NOT a component of physical fitness?
a) Flexibility
b) Endurance
c) Intelligence
d) Strength
Answer: c) Intelligence
Which muscle is responsible for bending the arm at the elbow?
a) Biceps brachii
b) Deltoid
c) Quadriceps
d) Hamstrings
Answer: a) Biceps brachii
What is the recommended daily water intake for an adult?
a) 1 liter
b) 2 liters
c) 3 liters
d) 4 liters
Answer: b) 2 liters
Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
a) Vitamin C
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin B6
Answer: c) Vitamin D
What is the main function of the nervous system?
a) Regulating body temperature
b) Transmitting signals
c) Pumping blood
d) Breaking down food
Answer: b) Transmitting signals
Which of the following is a benefit of regular physical activity?
a) Decreased flexibility
b) Increased risk of heart disease
c) Improved mental health
d) Weakened immune system
Answer: c) Improved mental health
Which of the following is NOT a type of joint in the human body?
a) Ball and socket joint
b) Pivot joint
c) Fixed joint
d) Hinge joint
Answer: c) Fixed joint
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
a) Pumping blood
b) Breaking down food
c) Excreting waste
d) Producing hormones
Answer: a) Pumping blood
Which of the following is a macronutrient?
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Protein
d) Vitamin C
Answer: c) Protein
Section B: Theory Questions
Define the term “warm-up” in relation to physical activity and explain its importance.
Answer: A warm-up is a series of exercises performed before engaging in physical activity. Its purpose is to prepare the body for more strenuous exercise by increasing blood flow to the muscles, raising body temperature, and improving flexibility. Warm-ups help reduce the risk of injury and enhance performance during exercise.
Discuss the importance of proper nutrition in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Answer: Proper nutrition is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle as it provides the body with the necessary nutrients it needs to function optimally. Nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals play vital roles in energy production, tissue repair, immune function, and overall well-being. A balanced diet that includes a variety of foods ensures that all nutrient needs are met, reducing the risk of malnutrition and chronic diseases.
Explain the concept of “muscle atrophy” and discuss factors that contribute to its occurrence.
Answer: Muscle atrophy refers to the loss of muscle mass and strength due to inactivity or other underlying medical conditions. It can occur when muscles are not used regularly, such as during prolonged periods of immobilization or lack of exercise. Aging, certain diseases, and nutritional deficiencies can also contribute to muscle atrophy. Additionally, hormonal imbalances and prolonged bed rest can accelerate the process of muscle wasting.
Describe the role of the skeletal system in the human body and discuss the importance of bone health.
Answer: The skeletal system provides structural support to the body, protects internal organs, facilitates movement, and serves as a storage site for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. Bones are dynamic tissues that undergo constant remodeling, involving the processes of bone formation and resorption. Maintaining optimal bone health is crucial for preventing conditions such as osteoporosis and fractures, especially as individuals age. Adequate calcium intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, and avoidance of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are key factors in promoting bone health.
Define the term “aerobic exercise” and provide examples of activities that fall under this category. Discuss the benefits of aerobic exercise on cardiovascular health.
Answer: Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio exercise, is any physical activity that increases the heart rate and breathing rate over an extended period. Examples include jogging, swimming, cycling, and dancing. Aerobic exercise improves cardiovascular health by strengthening the heart muscle, lowering blood pressure, reducing LDL cholesterol levels, and improving circulation. It also enhances lung function, increases endurance, and helps maintain a healthy body weight.
