Junior Waec Basic Science Past Questions And Answers (Objective and Theory)
Section A (Objective):
Question: What is the chemical symbol for gold?
A) Go
B) Au
C) Ag
D) Fe
Answer: B) Au
Question: Which planet is known as the “Red Planet”?
A) Venus
B) Mars
C) Jupiter
D) Saturn
Answer: B) Mars
Question: What is the process of plants making their own food using sunlight called?
A) Respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Transpiration
D) Digestion
Answer: B) Photosynthesis
Question: What is the SI unit for measuring temperature?
A) Kelvin
B) Celsius
C) Fahrenheit
D) Newton
Answer: B) Celsius
Question: Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
A) Coal
B) Solar power
C) Natural gas
D) Nuclear energy
Answer: B) Solar power
Question: What gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Hydrogen
Answer: C) Carbon dioxide
Question: What is the largest mammal on Earth?
A) Elephant
B) Blue whale
C) Giraffe
D) Gorilla
Answer: B) Blue whale
Question: Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Thermosphere
Answer: B) Stratosphere
Question: What is the chemical formula for water?
A) CO2
B) H2O
C) O2
D) NaCl
Answer: B) H2O
Question: What is the primary function of the heart in the human body?
A) Pumping blood
B) Digesting food
C) Breathing
D) Filtering waste
Answer: A) Pumping blood
Question: Which of the following is a conductor of electricity?
A) Plastic
B) Wood
C) Copper
D) Rubber
Answer: C) Copper
Question: What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?
A) Ox
B) O2
C) Oc
D) Ox2
Answer: B) O2
Question: What is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth?
A) Magnetism
B) Gravity
C) Friction
D) Buoyancy
Answer: B) Gravity
Question: Which gas do humans inhale during respiration?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Hydrogen
Answer: A) Oxygen
Question: What is the function of the kidneys in the human body?
A) Pumping blood
B) Digesting food
C) Filtering waste from blood
D) Producing hormones
Answer: C) Filtering waste from blood
Section B (Theory):
Question: Explain the process of photosynthesis in plants.
Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen. The chlorophyll in plant cells captures sunlight, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.
Question: Define the three states of matter and give an example of each.
Answer: The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. An example of a solid is ice, a liquid is water, and a gas is steam.
Question: Describe the water cycle and its importance in the environment.
Answer: The water cycle involves the continuous movement of water between the Earth’s surface, atmosphere, and back. This includes processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. The water cycle is crucial for maintaining a balance in the Earth’s ecosystems and providing a constant supply of freshwater.
Question: Explain the difference between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.
Answer: Renewable energy sources are those that can be replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Non-renewable sources, like fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), are finite and take millions of years to form, making them unsustainable in the long term.
Question: Describe the structure and function of the respiratory system in humans.
Answer: The respiratory system includes organs like the nose, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Its primary function is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. Inhalation brings oxygen into the lungs, where it is absorbed into the bloodstream, and exhalation removes carbon dioxide from the body.
